写实主义理论在日本近代的发展与变异

On the Development and Variation of Naturalism Theory in Modern Japan

坪内逍遥提出的写实主义理论对日本近代文学的影响,一方面表现在催生了以二叶亭四迷为代表的现实主义文学的诞生,一方面为长谷川天溪等代表的自然主义理论提供了某些方法论的基础,从而引起人们对写实主义与自然主义在概念理解上的分歧。写实主义理论之所以会有这样的发展与变异,是因为日本近代的写实主义与左拉的自然主义都与实证主义哲学有着或明或暗的关系。

The theory of realism becomes enlightening thoughts of the literary world in modern Japan. It not only decides the developing direction of literature, but also the establishment of the realistic literature. It emphasizes excessively the objective description. Therefore, it arouses the divergence between scholars in understanding the theory of naturalism.