关于金代大定、明昌词风的文化考察

The Cultural Investigation on Ci Style in Jin Dynasty Dading and Mingchang

大定、明昌时代,金代社会进入承平时期,其词坛创作主体是吮吸着金朝本土文化乳汁而成长起来的"国朝文派"词家,其词风特征是:审美风格上豪放与婉媚并重;词家主体精神上追求隐逸与自适;词体特征上典雅与浅俗共存。这主要源于此时期多民族文化的进一步融合。首先,世、章二帝偃武修文,推行汉文化与保持女真旧俗两相并行的文化政策;其次,受世、章二帝的创作风尚与喜好的影响;再次,北方地域文化环境以及女真民族质实、勇武等民族心性对词文学雄健亢爽、率直俚俗风格的影响;第四,在词体发展上,"苏学行于北"以及北宋绮丽艳冶之词的深刻影响。

In Dading and Mingchang age, Jin dynasty society enters the peaceful and secure period, whose ci circle creation subjects are ci writers named ＂our Jin literary school＂. They grow up with drawing the nutrition of Jin native culture, whose cistyle is： unconstrained and gentle aesthetic style; hermitic and self-suit writers＇ subject spirit; elegant and vulgar ci genre characteristics. The reason for these styles＇ forming is mainly the further integration of multi-national cultures of the times. Firstly, on the age politics, Emperor Shi and Zhang cease military and advocate civilian, claiming the concurrent cultural policy of the pursuance of Han culture and the perseverance of Nvzhen old customs; Secondly, because of the current custom and fancy of Emperor Shi and Zhang; Again, the north regional culture environment and Nvzhen modest and valorous national characters influence the powerful-excited and straight-popular ei culture style. Fourth, on the development of ci genre, ＂popularity of the study of Su Shi in the northern minority area＂ and Northern Song gorgeous and coquettish ci style influence Dading and Mingchang ei circle profoundly.