复归与重构——麦金太尔道德合理性问题探究

Reflection or Reconstruction:Study of McIntyre's Moral Rationality Thought

道德合理性问题是当代道德哲学的中心问题,亦是麦金太尔德性伦理学的中心论题。麦金太尔道德合理性思想的形成是以其对当代西方社会道德危机的深刻剖析为前提和基础的。在麦金太尔看来,德性完全占据了道德的中心位置,人类只可能有两种选择:要么返回亚里士多德的德性传统,要么接受后现代的道德虚无主义。麦金太尔伦理学的最终目的是通过这种德性论为道德实践提供合理性说明,对道德合理性原则进行重构,而重构道德合理性原则的唯一途径就是复归亚里士多德德性传统。

This thesis devotes to explain the essence and the way of virtue ethics, and expounds its occurrence and development and the possibility of Moral rationality. On the basis of people＇s everyday life, focusing on practice, the dissertation will define morality according to the practice of our everyday life, investigating virtue ethics in the view of historical tradition, informing us how to master virtue ethics by criticizing objectivism and abstract virtue ethics. This dissertation will systematically analyze moral rationality through the comparison of rationality.