洞庭湖的演变及驱动因子研究

The Research on the Evolution and Driving Factors of Dongting Lake

洞庭湖的演变,是自然与人类共同作用的结果。研究了洞庭湖的形成及历史演变过程,据其受自然因素及人类活动的不同影响,从全新世开始,把洞庭湖的演变分为三个阶段:近1万年以来至约200年前、近200年至建国前、建国以来。在分析荆北荆南地质演变规律以及江湖关系和泥沙冲淤的基础上,将荆江与洞庭湖看做一个完整的系统加以分析,并将影响系统的各因子进行分类:地质构造、江湖关系与水沙冲於、全球气候变化、人类活动,得出了近阶段小时间尺度内洞庭湖的演变是受人类活动影响为主的结论。

Human activities and nature factors have acted together toward the evolution of Dongting Lake. The formation and the historical evolution of Dongting Lake have been studied. According to different effects by natural factors and human activities, from the Holocene on, the evolution of the Dongting Lake is divided into three stages： from nearly 1 million years to nearly 200 years ago; from nearly 200 years to before the founding of the People＇s Republic, since the founding of the People＇s Republic. Based on the analysis of the geological evolution law in South Jing and North Jing, the relationship between river and lake and the deposition of sediment, it is concluded that the Jingjiang River and Dongting Lake, as a complete system, have been brought about by following factors： geological structure, the relationship between rivers and lakes, the deposition of sediment, the change of global climate and human activities. However, human activity is the most important one within small-scale period.