中国省际间工业污染转移量评估方法与案例分析

A Quantitative Method and a Case Study on Pollution Embodied in China Inter-provincial Industrial Trade

利用《中国环境年鉴》和投入产出表中的相关数据建立了省际间工业品贸易伴随的污染转移量评估方法,并以上海为例开展了实证研究,得到了上海2002年工业品省际贸易伴随的水污染物、空气污染物和固体废弃物的转移量.研究表明,上海通过工业品贸易的方式转移到区外的废水CODcr、挥发酚、氰化物、六价铬、铅、镉、砷,以及二氧化硫、工业烟尘、工业粉尘和工业固体废弃物分别是本区域内排放量的0.38,1.18,0.61,0.07,23.68,428.92,17.46,0.82,2.75,24.48和576.8倍.上海在发展中借助工业品贸易,将大量的污染留在了区外,使其他地区为其发展付出了环境代价.

A method to quantify the amount of environmental pollution embodied in inter-provincial industrial trade is developed by utilizing the related data in ＂China Environmental Yearbook＂ and input-output table.Applying this approach,the paper estimates the amount of water pollutants,air pollutants and solid wastes embodied in Shanghai＇s inter-provincial industrial trade in 2002.It is found that the amount of CODcr,volatile phenol,cyanide,Cr^6＋,Pd,Cd and arsenic（As） in wastewater,SO2,industrial smoke,industrial dust as well as industrial solid wastes shifted by Shanghai to other provinces are 0.38,1.18,0.61,0.07,23.68,428.92,17.46,0.82,2.75,24.48 and 576.8 times of local discharge amounts respectively.These findings suggest that,through inter-provincial industrial trade,very significant environmental impacts were shifted from Shanghai to other provinces.