摘要
通过长期定位试验,研究了砂区小麦套作花生、小麦和花生接续种植两种种植方式的产量及施肥效应。结果表明小麦套作花生相对于二作物接续种植有明显的产量优势。4年平均增产分别为27.7%和14.3%,在不施化肥时,这种效应更为明显,但其与施用化肥的增产效应相比甚小。两种方式下,单施或配合施用氮磷化肥均有显著的增产效果,通过改良稳定性分析,以氮磷配合处理产量稳定性最高。合理配合施用氮、磷化肥(N12P12)使小麦套作花生方式下磷对氮的吸收及其利用效率和氮对磷的吸收及利用效率提高,是小麦套作花生较二作物接续种植持续增产的主要原因。但应注意的是随着小麦套作花生复种年限的增加,花生产量呈逐年下降趋势,轮作周期以4年为宜。
The results of a long-term sited experiment that dealt with two cropping systems and their response to fertilization show that there were evident yield advantages in wheat and peanut relay intercropping system with a four-year average wheat yield increase by 27. 7% and peanut by 14. 3% compared with sequential cropping, and it was even greater while applying no chemical fertilizer, but was much little compared to yield response to fertilizer. Both solely and com-binedly applying N and P chemical fertilizers significantly increased yield, and the yield of combined application was the stablest by stability analysis. In wheat and peanut relay intercropping system, the main reasons that rationally combined application of N and P fertilizer (N12P12) sustainablly achieved yield increases were because P promoted the uptake of nitrogen and its utilization efficiency and N enhanced the uptake of P and PUE. It was noted that peanut yield decreased year after year with relay intercropping cycles added, and it was suitable for this system to continue 4 years.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第1期70-75,共6页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家"八五"重点科技攻关项目资助课题
关键词
套作
养分利用效率
产量优势
小麦
花生
Relay intercropping system
Yield advantage
Nutrient utilization efficiency
Land equivalent ratio