胡杨离体器官发生及试管无性系的建立

Organogenesis and Plantlet Regeneration in Vitro of Populus euphratica

研究了离体条件下胡杨（Ｐｏｐｕｌｕｓ ｅｕｐｈｒａｔｉｃａ Ｏｌｉｖｅｒ）茎段、叶片及愈伤组织的器官发生和植株再生技术。离体培养以ＭＳ为基本培养基并附加４０ｍｇ／Ｌ腺嘌呤和５００ｍｇ／Ｌ水解乳蛋白。离体叶片和茎段在ＢＡ为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上诱导产生愈伤组织，并在含０．２５ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ和０．５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的培养基上继代增殖。ＢＡ为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ为０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ可诱导叶片和愈伤组织发生不定芽，诱导频率分别为１００％和８２．９％，对于茎段，ＢＡ和ＮＡＡ分别为０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ和０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ时诱导不定芽频率可达８３％。试管苗在大量元素减半并附加０．０１５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的ＭＳ培养基上诱导生根，生根率达８６．２％。

The research of organogenesis and in vitro plantlet regeneration of Populus euphratica Oliver wascarried out using the tender shoots from mature tree as initial explants and MS medium as the basic medium.The effects of plant growth regulators (PGR) on the regeneration were compared. The results showed that theconcentation of PGR was not strictly required for the organogenesis of the excised olgans and callus, but theratio of BA to NAA was important. Calli could be induced from the excised leaves and stems cultured on themedium with 0.5 mg/L BA and 0. 5 mg/L NAA. The embryonic callus could be multiplied in dark on themedium supplemented with 0. 25 mg/L BA and 0. 5 mg/L NAA. For the adventitious bud regeneration of theleaf and callus, supplement with 0. 5 mg/L BA and 0. 1 mg/L NAA was appropriate, giving a regenerationfrequency of 82.9% and 100%, respectively. The suitable level of BA and NAA for the excised stem's was0. 1 mg/L and 0. 01 mg/L respectively, yielding a regeneration frequency of 83%. Rooting occurred on theMS medium with half strength of macronutrient and addition of 0.015 mg/L NAA, and the rooting rate couldreach up to 86. 2%. The techniques of somatic cell cloning of P. euphratica was established in vitro. Theproblems of deterioration of the subcultured shoots were also discussed.