旅游目的地生态系统的熵增现象和耗散结构分析

A Tentative Analysis of Entropy and Dissipative Structure in Tourist Destination Ecological System

熵增原理,揭示了自然界物质能量转化的趋向总是自发地从能量集中转向能量分散,从有序趋向无序的退化。当今的旅游目的地生态系统也存在着熵增现象。鉴于旅游目的地生态系统是一个多成分、多变量、具有耗散机构的开放系统,此无序状态并非无可救药。通过从自然界、社会管理各部门和信息舆论引入负熵流,使之在旅游目的地生态系统内部流通、转化、做功,并以各种形式消耗散失,可以降低系统的总熵,使系统设法处于有序状态,并保持其相对稳定性。因此,在实施旅游目的地的管理时,应该正确理解该环境下的熵增现象,以耗散结构原理为指导,克服组织的混乱,把握系统趋向有序运作。

The principle of the increase of entropy reveals that all natural substances show the tendency of transformation from centralization to dispersion,from order to disorder,from the well-distributed state to the uneven.This phenomenon of the increase of entropy also exists in the tourist destination ecological system.Tourist activities have impact on tourist destination ecological system in all aspects,resulting in the rise of disorder.However,it is not impossible for the chaos to be sorted out since the tourist destination ecological system is an open system with multi-elements and multi-variations in dissipative structure.By introducing minus flow of entropy from the nature,social management,information and public opinions and making them circulate,transform and function within the system with the result of them being consumed and dissipated,we can reduce the total entropy so as to maintain the state of order and stability of the system relatively.Therefore,in carrying out the tourist destination management,we should try to overcome the chaos of the organization and bring out an orderly running by having a correct understanding of the phenomenon of the increase of entropy and accepting the theory of dissipative structure as guidance.