法家与黄老道家“法”思想比较——以秦汉间政治流变为视角

Comparative Study of Legalists' and Huang-lao Taists' on "Law"

法家主张"定分明法"而重君,黄老道家主张"道生法"而重民,秦汉间政治流变的过程说明了立法当以民为本。但是法家法治的工具理性在国家治理模式中有优越性,汉初道、法合流,是中国古代社会"王霸杂之"治理模式实践性的开始。

Legalists insist ＂defining obligation and confirming law＂ and focus on the king while Huang-lao Taoists maintain ＂ Tao creating law＂ and focus on the public.The course of political development in Qin and Hay dynasties shows that the public is the core value in legislation.But the instrumental reason of legalists has its advantages in ruling a nation with law.At the beginning of Han Dynasty,the merging of Taoism and Legalism is the starting of the governing pattern that integrates Confucianism moral theory with legalists＇ law theory.