玉米蒸汽压片和活性酵母添加对奶牛产奶性能及血液指标的影响

Effects of corn steam-flaking and supplemental live yeast on lactating performance and blood parameters in dairy cows

本试验旨在研究蒸汽压片处理和添加活性酵母对奶牛产奶性能及血液指标的影响。选用30头健康荷斯坦奶牛平均分为3个组,各处理组精料中分别添加普通玉米(对照)、蒸汽压片玉米(处理1)和添加了活性酵母的蒸汽压片玉米(处理2),正式试验期8周。结果表明:处理1和处理2显著改善了奶牛产奶性能,其中处理2产奶量和乳蛋白率均显著高于对照,分别提高了5.0%和3.7%(P<0.05),且产奶量较处理1提高4.5%(P>0.05);处理1乳蛋白率显著高于对照组,提高了5.4%(P<0.05),产奶量也高于对照组0.5%。在血液指标方面,处理2血液总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白水平显著高于处理1(P<0.05),而胰岛素水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05),也低于处理1;处理2奶牛血液中异常红细胞、血红蛋白以及红细胞比积含量低于处理1,且显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。总体显示,饲喂蒸汽压片玉米和添加活性酵母的蒸汽压片玉米对于提高奶牛产奶性能和改善乳品质方面效果明显,可能与其促进奶牛能量代谢、改善血液指标和增强机体免疫力有关。

This study was conducted to determine the effects of steam-flaking of corn and supplemental live yeast on lactating performance and blood parameters of dairy cows.Thirty Chinese Holstein lactating cows were randomly allocated to three different dietary treatments：typical corn（Control）,steam-flaked corn（Treatment 1） and steam-flaked corn with supplementation of live yeast（Treatmet 2）,respectively.The trial was lasted for a total of 8 weeks.The results showed that milk yield and protein percentage of Treatmet 2 were significantly higher than those of Control（P0.05）,and also numerically higher than those of Treatment 1（P0.05）.Milk protein content of Treatment 2 was increased substantially compared with Control（P0.05）,and milk yield was improved as well.Treatment 2 had higher content of blood cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol than Treatment 1（P0.05）,but had lower concentration of blood insulin than Control（P0.05） and Treatment 1.Treatment 2 also had lower values of abnormal blood cells,hemoglobin content and packed cell volume than treatment 1,and lower than Control（P0.05） as well.In general,corn steam-flaking and such treatment combined with supplementation with live yeast can improve lactating performance and milk quality obviously.The reason for this improvement may be associated with the enhanced energy metabolism,improved blood parameters and immunity of cows fed a steam-flaked corn diet and supplemented with live yeast.