表面活性剂及其在分散体系中的应用

Surfactants and Their Applications in Dispersion Systems

表面活性剂由于其具有亲水亲油的特殊结构，往往在各种表面和界面上形成有某种定向的结构层。利用这种特性表面活性剂可以改变分散体的物理稳定性和流变特性，使分散体可以按照人们的需求来进行设计和加以控制。本文就悬浮体、乳状液、多乳状液、微乳状液、囊泡等典型固／液、液／液分散体和软固体的制备原理、体系的物理化学稳定性能以及表面活性剂在这些分散体系中的作用做综述性介绍。

Surfactants may form different orientated structures at surface and/or interface depending upon their special amphipathic properties and the nature of the surface and the medium.As a result,the physico chemical properties of the disperse systems have been modified.Thus,it is desirable to design and control the physical stability and rheological properties of the investigated dispersion systems as required.From this point of view,it is vital,both in theory and practice,to fundamentally understand the molecular structure of the surfactants,their hydrophobic hydrophilic properties and the interactions between surfactants and dispersed particles/droplets in the dispersion systems.