血液透析患者中心静脉置管感染的预防

Central Venous Indwelling Catheter Infection:Clinical Observation and Preventive Measures in 109 Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

目的了解维持性血液透析患者中心静脉感染的情况,探讨其相关危险因素及预防措施。方法观察109例血液透析患者中心静脉置管的情况。结果 109例患者中心静脉置管(其中颈内静脉91例,股静脉15例,3例颈内静脉永久性置管)发生感染19例;导管出口部感染11例,占10.1%,隧道口感染5例,占4.6%,血源扩散性感染3例,占2.8%。结论加强中心静脉置管的护理,明确导管感染的危险因素,加强血液透析的规范化管理,并采取有效防治措施,可延长中心静脉置管的使用寿命,提高患者的生活质量和生存率。

OBJECTIVE To understand the central venous infection in maintenance hemodialysis patients,and explore the related risk factors and prevention measures.METHODS Totally 109 maintenance hemodialysis patients with central venous indwelling catheter were enrolled and observed.RESULTS From them（including 91 cases with internal jugular vein catheter,15 cases with femoral vein catheter,and 3 cases with permanent internal jugular vein catheter）,19 cases were infected,including 11 cases of catheter outlet infection,accounted for 10.1%,5 cases of tunnel infection,accounted for 10.1%,and 3 cases with disseminated infection through blood,accounted for 2.8%.CONCLUSIONS To strengthen the central venous catheter care,clear risk factors of catheter infection,enhance the standardized management of hemodialysis and take effective preventive and control measures,can prolong the life of central venous catheter,and improve the quality of life and survival rate of maintenance hemodialysis patients.