白血病患儿医院感染因素分析及管理对策

Nursing Measures and Analysis of Nosocomial Infection Factors among Children with Leukemia

目的分析白血病患儿医院感染因素,探讨有效的管理预防措施。方法对2006年1月-2009年3月医院儿科收治的白血病患儿261例进行医院感染回顾性分析。结果白血病患儿261例发生医院感染41例,感染率15.71%,感染部位以上呼吸道感染为主(53.65%),其次是胃肠道感染(19.51%)等;医院感染发生与患儿年龄、住院时间、周围白细胞计数、侵入性操作、消毒隔离预防措施等因素密切相关。结论加强医院感染知识培训,建立三级防控体系和科学严密的护理管理措施,预防呼吸道感染,警惕真菌感染,缩短住院时间,可降低医院感染率。

OBJECTIVE To explore the predisposing and preventive nursing measures of nosocomial infection for pediatric patients with leukemia.METHODS Nosocomial infection predisposing factors were analyzed retrospectively in 261 pediatric leukemia patients who were admitted to hospital during from Nov 2006 to Mar 2009.RESULTS It revealed that this infection in pediatric leukemia patients was related to the patients′ age,duration of hospital stay,peripheral WBC counts,invasive operation,as well as isolation and sterilization.The most common infective sites respectively were：upper respiratory tract with infection rate of 53.65%,followed by gastrointestinal tract of 19.51%.CONCLUSIONS In nursing management,we should strengthen the training about infection knowledge,set up the three-step preventive system and scientific nursing managements,to prevent respiratory tract infection and shorten the hospital duration,which can help to reduce the nosocomial infection rate.