市场经济条件下的文化生产问题——以马克思的精神生产学说为批判视角

Issue of Culture Production under Market Economy:In Critic Perspective of Marx’s Theory of Spirit Production

马克思较早注意到了资本主义制度中市场条件对社会精神文化生产的影响。他指出,市场体制中的精神生产实际存在着一种发展趋向:市场体制的价值成为了人类精神活动的价值指归。在马克思之后,西方马克思主义者卢卡奇、本雅明、居伊.德波等人,根据资本主义生产方式发展的新情况,对市场机制之于社会精神文化活动的控制以及由此加深的人的异化等问题,展开了相对全面而深入的研究。这种研究对我们看待社会主义市场经济条件中的文化生产问题,多有启发、警示的意义。

Marx was among the earliest to notice the influences of market condition on social spirit and culture production in the system of capitalism. He pointed out that, there existed a trend of spirit production in market system: the value of market system had actually been the leading and determining indicator of human beings’ spiritual activities. After Marx, to come up with the newly development of capitalist production, the western Marxist including Lukacs, Benjamin, Guy Debord and so on, launched comprehensive and in-depth studies on the control of market system over social spiritual cultural activities, and on the resulting deepening of human alienation. Such research instructively and warningly assists us to take a better view of the issue of culture production under market economic environment.