496例耳鸣患者体质调查

Investigation into the Constitution Types of the Tinnitus Patients——A Report of 496 Cases

目的探讨耳鸣患者的体质特点及耳鸣发病的体质因素。方法按照体质研究要求建立纳入标准,对在上海中医药大学附属岳阳中西医结合医院耳鸣专科就诊,以耳鸣为第一主诉的患者496例,按照《中医体质量表的初步编制》标准录入,分析各种体质类型的构成比。结果平和质147例(29.64%);偏颇体质349例(70.36%),其中阳虚质77例(15.52%),气虚质37例(7.46%),阴虚质12例(2.42%),痰湿质11例(2.22%),特廪质4例(0.81%),气虚质为基础兼夹其他体质倾向的156例(31.45%)和阳虚质为基础兼夹其他体质倾向的52例(10.48%)。耳鸣的发病情况与患者的年龄呈正相关,耳鸣发病者以55岁以上者为主(48.19%)。平和质、气虚质、阳虚质、气虚质和阳虚质兼夹其他体质病程分布均以0～3个月和1～5年为主;在发病缓急的分布中,均以缓慢发病为主。结论偏颇体质特别是气虚质和阳虚质是耳鸣患者发病的主要体质,故改善偏颇体质特别是气虚质和阳虚质对治疗和预防耳鸣有重要意义。

Objective To explore the constitutional characteristics and risk in tinnitus patients. Methods The inclusion criteria were established on the basis of requests of constitution research. Those patients from the tinnitus clinic of Yueyang Hospital of Shanghai University of Chinese Medicine with the tinnitus as the chief complaint were included in accordance with the ＂Scale of TCM Constitution＂ to analyze the constituent ratio of various constitution types. Results There were 147 cases of gentleness type （29.64%）,349 cases of biased constitution （70.36%）,including 77 cases of yang-deficiency type （15.52%）,37 cases of qi-deficiency type （7.46%）,12 cases of yin-deficiency type （2.42%）,11 cases of phlegm-damp type （2.22%）,4 cases of special diathesis type （0.81%）,156 cases of other type based on qi-deficiency type （31.45%）,and 52 cases of other type based on yang-deficiency type （10.48%）. The incidence of tinnitus was positively correlated with the patients＇ age. The patients mainly distributed in over 55 years of age. Gentleness type,qi-deficiency type,yang-deficiency type,other type based on qi-deficiency type,and other type based on yang-deficiency type were mainly distributed in course of disease in 0~3 months and 1~5 years. In the distribution of chronic-acute onset,all cases were chronic. Conclusion Qi-deficiency constitution and yang-deficiency constitution are the main constitutional types and risk factors for tinnitus. It is significant to improve qi-deficiency constitution and yang-deficiency constitution for treating and preventing tinnitus.