59例学龄期儿童声嘶的临床特征分析

Analysis of electronic laryngoscopy results of 59 cases of school-aged children with hoarseness

目的探讨59例学龄期儿童引起声嘶的主要病因及临床特点。方法通过对59例声嘶患儿进行电子喉镜检查，结合临床治疗对检查结果进行回顾性分析。结果59例声嘶患儿中男48例，女11例，其中声带小结28例（47．5％），急性及亚急性喉炎11例（18．6％），声带肥厚8例（13．6％），声带息肉占6例（10．2％），喉乳头状瘤3例（5．1％），喉部真菌感染1例（1．7％），癔病性声嘶1例（1．7％），喉结核1例（1．7％）。男性多见，男：女之比为2．32：1。结论学龄期儿童声嘶疾病声中，声带小结发病比例最高，患儿男性明显高于女性；真菌性喉炎、喉结核和喉乳头状瘤较少见。

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and main causes in school-aged children with hoarseness. Methods The data of electronic laryngoscopy results of 59 children suffered from hoarseness were analyzed retrospectively. Results There were 48 males and 11 females. The main causes of hoarseness were vocal cord nodules in 28 cases （47.52 % ）, acute and subacute laryngitis in 11 cases （18.6%）, vocal hypertrophy in 8 cases （13.6%）, polyp of vocal cord 6 in cases （ 10.2 % ）, the hysteria hoarseness in 1 case （ 1.7 % ）, laryngeal tuberculosis in 1 case, and laryngeal papilloma in 1 case, respectively. The ratio of male and female was 4.36 ： 1. Conclusions The incidence of hoarseness is higher in male children than female children, and the vocal cord nodule is the top disease. Hysteria hoarseness, laryngeal tuberculosis and laryngeal papilloma have low incidence.