从1型组胺受体途径探索当归芍药散异病同治原理的研究构想

Hypothesis on the Principle of Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS) for Treating Different Diseases via the Histamine H1 Receptor Pathway

"异病同治"体现了中医辨证论治特色优势的重要思想,探讨经典名方异病同治原理是传承发展中医药基础理论的良好切入点。前期文献挖掘和实验研究表明,源自《金匮要略》的经典方剂当归芍药散的主要病机是"肝郁脾虚",其广泛药理活性与组胺介导的生理病理功能有相似性,并通过组胺1型受体发挥抑制水肿、镇痛、镇静等活性;继而提出新的研究构想"当归芍药散可通过整合调节组胺受体表达及信号转导途径达到异病同治目的,肝郁脾虚病机可能与组胺能系统功能紊乱有关,而位于下丘脑的组胺能神经元可能是调控的中心",课题组正开展相关研究,以期为阐释当归芍药散的作用机理提供参考依据,为探讨中药复方的异病同治原理提供思路方法借鉴,从而进一步为探讨"肝郁脾虚"的科学内涵奠定基础。

The principle of “the same treatment for different diseases” is the major reflection of treatment determination based on pathogenesis obtained through differentiation of symptoms and signs in TCM. It is of great importance to explore such principles from the viewpoint of traditional Chinese prescriptions, so as to propagate and develop the TCM theory. Danggui-Shaoyao-San （DSS）, a famous Chinese complex prescription first recorded in Jin Kui Yao Lue, has long been widely used in the treatment of various diseases in China. Previous reference mining showed that its pathogenesis linked with “liver depression and spleen deficiency”, and there were a lot of similarities be tween pharmacological activities of DSS and the physiological and pathological function of histamine. Our studies suggested that DSS significantly inhibited local skin vascular permeability and remarkably decreased the scratching number and time, decreased locomotive activities increased by histamine, and exerted analgesia activities via the H1 receptor. A hypothesis has been proposed that Danggui-Shaoyao-San （DSS） could modulate histamine H1 receptor expression and the relevant signal transduction pathway so as to treat various diseases, while “liver depression and spleen deficiency” would be related to the disfunction of the histaminergic neuron system, whose regulating center is considered to be the histamine neurons located in the posterior hypothalamus based on a great deal of previous studies, casual findings and international academic progress. Further investigation is under way to explore the principles or mechanism of DSS for treating different diseases, which may provide some new ideas or methods for the fundamental research of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine. This would provide some reference for reasonable and normative application of DSS in clinics, accumulate new data for enriching scientific connotation of “liver depression and spleen deficiency” and the pathological mechanism of related diseases, and consequently academically enhance the TCM development.