论行政诉讼的功能

On the Function of Administrative Litigation

传统观念认为我国行政诉讼重要功能之一是对行政机关的监督,这一功能因立法者的重视从而在实质上成为了行政诉讼所有功能之中最重要的一个。但该功能冲淡了行政诉讼的其它功能,监督功能并不是行政诉讼的本质功能,监督功能只是建立在本质功能基础之上的一种目的功能,过于强调监督功能对行政诉讼来说是本末倒置的。基于诉讼活动的特点以及依法行政与宪政文明的大背景,行政诉讼的功能应当重新定位于其真正的本质功能,即解决纠纷与保护合法权益。当行政诉讼对其功能重新定位后,行政诉讼的制度设计才能趋于合理化与顺畅化,这一点对于行政诉讼中原告法律制度中的判决方式与原告资格具有特别的意义。

In the traditional ideal, one of functions of administrative litigation is that supervising the administrative agencies, which is attached much importance by the legislator, and make it the most impotent function of administrative litigation. In fact, this function damages the other functions of administrative litigation. Actually, the function is not the natural function of administrative litigation, and excessively emphasis this function may damage administrative litigation. Based on the characteristic of administrative litigation, cultural of constitution and executive by law, the function of administrative litigation should be reoriented in the dispute settlement, and this change may have especially significance to the qualification of plaintiff and concerning legal systems in administrative litigation.