摘要
"是"和"否"在线性序列上连续出现时代较早,大多用于句末,以肯定和否定连用表选择判断。明代"是否"始多后接成分,到清代其后接谓词性成分用例逐渐占据主流,基本完成向副词的转化。现代汉语中,书面化表达方式"是否"和"是否是"因其主要分别后接谓词性成分和名词性成分,大致呈现出一种互补分布的状态,它们与口头化的表达方式"是不是"构成一种基本对应的关系。
Chinese words ＂是＂ and ＂否＂ appear comparatively early in the linearity. Both of them are used at the end of sentences.They indicate affirmation and negation for a judgment. From Ming Dynasty, ＂是否＂ is begun to use with other parts. In Qing Dynasty, the usage of ＂是否＂ following with predication is more popular. It has completed the course of gram- maticalization. According to their succedent words or phrases, which are predication or noun, they are nearly the complemen- tarity in the writing expression of ＂是否＂ and ＂是否是＂ in contemporary Chinese, which constitute the corresponding fun- damental relation with the spoken expression of ＂是不是＂.
