恒定电流密度分布与霍耳电场

Density Distribution of Constant Current and Hall Electric Field

研究了恒定电流场中电流密度沿导体径向的分布和霍耳电场产生的机理及作用,结果表明,沿径向载流子密度增大、载流子定向运动速度增大,载流子在晶格势场中的能态逐步升高;无论在载流的导体内还是在处于超导载流态的超导体内都存在着径向的霍耳电场;霍耳电场的存在是载流子力学平衡的必备条件,霍耳电场关于径向的线积分是载流子在晶格势场中能量增量的量度.霍耳电场与电流磁场的坡印亭矢量表示了电流能量的传输方向,同时证明了焦耳热来源于载流子在晶格势场中的能态变化——从高能态向低能态跃迁,它可以用导体内的轴向电场和电流磁场的坡印亭矢量来表示,导体外表面附近的电场来源于载流子的运动状态变化,而不是直接来自于电源.用处于载流超导态的超导体不存在轴向电场的事实,说明了载流导体内的轴向电场并不是稳定分布的电荷产生的.

By researching the mechanism and functions of current density＇s radial distribution along the conductor in constant current field and Hall electric field＇s production,the consequence shows that the velocity of current carriers in orientation movement increases with the growth of the density of radial current carriers,thus the energy state of current carriers in lattice potential field will progressively escalate;in both current-carrying conductor and superconducting state conductor,there exists radial Hall electric field;the existence of Hall electric field is essential to the equilibrium of current carrier mechanics,and the radial line integral of Hall electric field is the measurement of the energy increment of current carriers in lattice potential field.Hall electric field and Poynting vector of current magnetic field indicate the transmission direction of current energy,and simultaneously verify that joule heat generates from the energetic change of current carriers in lattice potential field-the transition from high energy state to low energy state,which can be described by axial electric field in conductor and Pointing vector of current magnetic field,the electric field near the surface of conductor generates from kinestate change of current carriers,not directly from the power source.The research Illustrates that the axial electric field in current-carrying conductor doesn＇t generate from the electric charges in stable distribution by the fact that there is no axial electric field in superconductor.