《鹿特丹规则》对提单制度的影响

Effects of "Rotterdam Rules" on the Bill of Lading System

《鹿特丹规则》问世以其显著的创新机制引起相关行业的密切关注,公约中包含的一大变革,就是提出了以运输单证覆盖提单的概念。这对于理解运输单证与提单的关系,对于传统提单的地位都将产生重要影响,并且会带来理论与实践的困惑。我国关于运输单证的法律规定尚欠缺,提单的法律规定也存在缺陷,而提单的地位还不应被取代。作为应对措施,我国可以借鉴《鹿特丹规则》的相关规则,在修改《海商法》时,考虑提单与运输单证规则的衔接,为航运业的发展提供法律支持。

＂Rotterdam Rules＂ established a creative legal system,which has brought much concern by relevant industries.A major change included in the Convention is that the concept of the transport documents covers the bill of lading.This change will impact significantly on the relationship between transport documents and bills of lading,as well as on the status of traditional bill of lading.No doubt,it will bring confusion in both theory and practice.Since China lacks the legal provisions of transport documents,and relative laws of the bill of lading are not without flaws,the status of the bill of lading should not be replaced.In response,when revising ＂Chinese maritime code＂,we can refer to the relevant rules in the ＂Rotterdam rules＂ with the consideration of convergence between the bill of lading and the rules of the transport document,so as to provide legal support for the shipping industries.