慢性支气管炎与肺气肿大鼠肺血管内皮细胞损伤的实验研究

An experimental study on the damage of endothelial cells of pulmonary vessels in a rat model of chronic bronchitis and emphysema

目的研究慢性支气管炎(chronicbronchitis,CB)与肺气肿大鼠肺腺泡内肌型动脉(muscular artery,MA)内皮细胞(en-dothelialcell,ECs)损伤特点及红霉素(erythromycin,EM)的干预作用。方法 18只Wistar大鼠按随机数字表法分成3组:每组6只,正常对照组(A组),CB与肺气肿组(B组),EM治疗组(C组)。用气管内注入脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)及烟熏方法制作CB与肺气肿模型。8周后在电镜下观察肺腺泡内MA的ECs结构变化,光镜下观察肺腺泡内MA重塑改变。结果 (1)肺腺泡内MA的EC结构变化:与A组比较,B组肺腺泡内MA的EC变性肿大甚至坏死,胞浆内大量空泡,线粒体肿胀、数目减少。核突起、核异质增多。C组以上改变明显改善。(2)肺腺泡内MA图像分析:以内膜面积/血管总面积(%)描述,A组为21±4,B组为37±3,C组为30±1,三组间比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论 (1)CB与肺气肿大鼠存在肺血管EC损伤。(2)肺血管EC损伤是CB与肺气肿大鼠肺血管重塑的重要病理基础。(3)EM对CB与肺气肿大鼠肺血管EC损伤及肺血管重塑有一定保护作用。

Objective To study the ultrastructural changes of ECs （endothelial cells,ECs） of intra-acinar pulmonary muscular arteries in rats with CB （chronic bronchitis,CB）and emphysema and to evaluate the protective and therapeutic effects of EM（erythromycin,EM） on them. Methods 18 Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups randomly：6 rats each group. normal control group（group A ）, CB and emphysema group（group B）, EM-treatment group（group C）. The rat model of CB and emphysema was established by intratracheal instillation of LPS （lipopolysaccharide,LPS）and daily exposure to cigarette smog. After eight weeks, the ultrastructure changes of ECs of intra-acinar pulmonary muscular arteries were studied by transmission electron microscope; pathomorphological changes of the lung and the morphometric characteristics of intra-acinar pulmonary muscular arteries were analyzed. Results （1） Ultrastructural changes of ECs of intra-acinar pulmonary muscular arteries： compared with group A, ultrastructrural observation of intraacinar pulmonary arteries of group B showed swelling and degeneration even necrosis of ECs, the presence of abundant bubbles as wells as the diminished number of mitochondria in cytoplasm,degeneration of nuclei, these changes of group C were improved significantly. （2）The morphometric characteristics of intra-acinar pulmonary muscular arteries：the thickness of intra-acinar pulmonary muscular arteries was described as intimal area per total area （%）,group A was（21±4）, group B is（37±3）, group C was 30±1, There were significant differences as compared with the three gropus. （P0.01, each）. Conclusion （1） There is pulmonary vascular ECs damage in rat with CB and emphysema.（2） The damage of pulmonary vascular ECs is the important pathologic basis of pulmonary vascular structural remodeling in rat with CB and emphysema. （3） EM may prevent pulmonary vascular ECs damage and intra-acinar pulmonary muscular arteries remodeling to some degree.