水稻大粒种质淀粉积累特性研究(摘要)(英文)

Starch Accumulation Characteristics of Large-Seed Rice

[目的]为合理利用水稻大粒种质提供理论依据。[方法]以水稻大粒种质31C122、31C125(千粒重近50 g)和常规水稻品种吉玉粳、赋育333为材料,对其籽粒中糖分和淀粉的积累过程进行对比研究。总糖含量采用苯酚-硫酸法测定,用不同浓度的葡萄糖标准溶液绘制标准曲线。总淀粉含量采用硫酸-蒽酮法测定[10],用不同浓度的葡萄糖标准溶液绘制标准曲线。直链淀粉含量采用农业部颁布的《NY147-88》标准法测定。支链淀粉含量=总淀粉含量-直链淀粉含量。以淀粉积累量W为依变数,开花后天数t(开花日为0)为自变数,应用Logistic方程对淀粉积累过程进行拟合。[结果]供试材料弱势粒总糖含量高于强势粒,且强势粒总糖含量峰值均出现在花后10 d,大粒种质总糖含量低于常规品种;强势粒总淀粉含量高于弱势粒,常规品种总淀粉含量高于大粒种质;供试材料各粒位支链淀粉含量高于直链淀粉,大粒种质直链淀粉含量低于常规品种;大粒种质强势粒总淀粉积累高峰较常规品种强势粒有所推迟,弱势粒总淀粉积累高峰较常规品种有所提前;大粒种质强势粒总淀粉活跃积累期长于常规品种强势粒。[结论]大粒种质的品质好于常规水稻品种。

[Objective] The paper aimed to provide the theoretical foundation for rational using the large-seed rice.[Method] Large-seed rice 31C122、31C125 （ nearly 50 g /1 000-weight） and normal rice varieties including Jiyujing and Fuyu 333 as materials,the accumulative process for sugar and starch in seeds was compared and analyzed.[Result] Sugar content of inferior grains was higher than superior grains in all tested materials,sugar content of large seeds was lower than conventional ones;starch content of superior grains was higher than inferior grains,starch content of conventional ones was higher than large-seed rice,amylopectin content was higher than amylose content in all tested materials,amylose content of large-seed rice was lower than conventional ones;the peak of accumulation starch for superior grains of large-seed rice was later than conventional ones,inferior grains advanced;active saving period of starch for superior grains of large-seed rice was longer than conventional ones.[Conclusion] The quality of large-seed rice was better than conventional ones.