量子点用于肿瘤标志物检测的研究进展

Research Advances of Techniques for Quantum Dots-based Tumor Marker Detection

量子点具有良好的光谱特性,使其有望替代传统荧光染料作为生物荧光探针,近10年来,量子点在生物医学领域的研究取得了显著进展。肿瘤标志物在恶性肿瘤诊治中具有重要作用,但因其特异度和敏感度欠佳,限制了其广泛应用。目前量子点用于肿瘤标志物检测的研究多集中于对细胞、组织的分子荧光成像、活体动物的在体成像以及血清肿瘤标志物的识别检测三个方面。将量子点与流式细胞技术结合,开发灵敏度更高、更方便快捷、可同时检测多种肿瘤标志物的血清学诊断技术,有望成为量子点用于临床实践的方向之一。

Quantum dots,as a new kind of biological fluorescence material,have properties superior to the traditional organic dyes. In the recent decade,researches about the application of quantum dots in biomedicine have made great progress. Tumor markers have vital importance in the diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma; however,they are not widely used for lack of specificity and sensitivity. Researches about applications of quantum dots in the detection of tumor markers are centralized in three aspects,namely the detection of serum/plasma tumor markers,the detection of tissue and cell tumor markers （such as molecular imaging of cell and tissue）,and the detection of tumor in vivo animals. A combination of quantum dots and flow cytometry technique for developing a new technique to detect multiple kinds of tumor markers at the same time with greater sensitivity,specificity,rapidity and convenience may have the potential for clinical use of quantum dots.