间歇低氧暴露预防SD大鼠大运动负荷训练期血红蛋白下降及其机制探讨

Study on the Mechanism of Intermittent Hypoxic Exposure in Preventing Hemoglobin Decrease during High Intensity Training in Rats

目的:探讨大运动负荷训练期间采用间歇低氧暴露预防运动性血红蛋白低下的效果及其机制。方法:将53只SD大鼠随机分为常氧安静组和常氧运动组、运动低氧暴露1h组、运动低氧暴露2h组、运动低氧暴露(1+1)h组。各运动组进行6周递增负荷跑台运动,各低氧暴露组从第4周起在运动后分别进行人工常压低氧(14.5%O2)暴露1h、2h和(1+1)h。6周实验结束后安静时测试血液Hb、RBC、Hct及血清IL-1、IL-3、IL-6、G-CSF、T、EPO、GM-CSF含量。结果:(1)6周递增负荷运动后,常氧运动组大鼠Hb、RBC、Hct显著低于常氧安静组,而各运动低氧暴露组与常氧安静组比较未见显著下降且显著高于常氧运动组。(2)与常氧运动组相比,仅运动低氧暴露(1+1)h组IL-6显著升高,而各运动低氧暴露组G-CSF、IL-3、EPO未见显著变化,但均出现上升趋势,且运动低氧暴露(1+1)h组上升幅度最大;而GM-CSF、T和IL-1未见规律性变化。结论:间歇低氧暴露能有效预防大运动负荷训练期间血红蛋白降低的发生与发展,其作用机理可能与间歇低氧暴露提高机体红系造血生长因子水平有关。

Objective To study the mechanism of intermittent hpoxic exposure in preventing hemoglobin decrease during high intensity training in rats.Methods SD rats were divided into five groups：control group,training group,hypoxic exposure 1 hour group,hypoxic exposure 2 hours group and hypoxic exposure（1＋1）hours group.The rats in training groups were given 6 weeks treadmill exercise with progressive loading.Three of the training groups were put in artificial hypoxic environment（14.5%O2）for 1 hour,2 hours and（1＋1） hour per day respectively for three weeks.At the end of the sixth week,the parameters of rats＇ erythrocyte and the contents of serum IL-1,IL-3,IL-6,T,EPO,G-CSF,GM-CSF were tested.Results（1）After six weeks progressive treadmill exercise training,the phenomenon of lower hemoglobin took place.The Hb,RBC and Hct of the rats in the training groups were significantly lower than that of the control group（P 0.05,P 0.01）,but had not significantly change in the intermittent hypoxic exposure groups（P 0.05）.（2）Only in exercise hypoxic exposure（1＋1） hours group,the IL-6 level was significantly higher than that in exercise control group（P 0.05）,the G-CSF,IL-3 and EPO levels in the other exercise hypoxic exposure groups tended to increase but without statistical difference（P 0.05）.The G-CSF,IL-3 and EPO levels in hypoxic exposure（1＋1） hours group were higher than that in other hypoxic exposure groups,and the GM-CSF,T and IL-1 levels had no regular changes（P 0.05）.Conclusion Intermittent hypoxic exposure had great effect in preventing hemoglobin decrease during high intensity training.The mechanism might be related to the enhancement of the mentioned erythrocyte haematopoietic factor levels induced by intermittent hypoxic exposure.