老年高血压患者颈动脉内膜斑块检出率及其影响因素分析

The Detection of Carotid Artery Intima Plaque in Elderly Hospitalized Patients with Hypertension and Its Influencing Factors

目的了解老年高血压病人颈动脉内膜斑块检出情况及其影响因素。方法整群选取老年高血压患者共328例,采用彩色多普勒超声显像仪检测所有对象的颈动脉内膜斑块情况并进行分级。利用病历记录获取性别、年龄、高血压病程、既往高血压控制情况、长期吸烟史、高血压家族史、脑卒中史等信息资料。结果颈动脉内膜斑块总检出率为77.4%,其中1级、2级和3级分别占32.0%、36.9%和8.5%(斑块分级)。累计有序Logistic回归单因素分析显示男性、高龄、血压控制不良、高血压病程长是斑块的危险因素,多因素分析显示斑块的主要危险因素为男性、高龄和血压控制不良。结论老年人高血压患者颈动脉内膜斑块检出率较高,男性病人、高龄、血压控制不良者是其中的高危人群。

Aim To study the detection of carotid artery intima plaque in elderly hospitalized patients with hypertension and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 328 elderly hypertensive patients were selected,and color Doppler ultrasound was used to detect all patients＇ carotid artery intima plaque and grading.Patients＇ sex,age,the course of hyperpiesia,the controls of high blood pressure in the past,the smoking history,family history of hypertension,history of stroke and other messages were noted by clinical records. Results The detection rate of carotid artery intima plaque was 77.4%,in which class 1,class 2 and 3 accounted for 32.0%,36.9% and 8.5%（plague score）.Ordered Logistic regression univariate cumulative analysis showed that male,old,poorly controlled blood pressure,longer duration of hypertension were risk factors for plaque.Multivariate analysis showed that the major risk factors for plaque were male,old age and poor control of blood pressure. Conclusion Hypertension in the elderly patients with higher rate of carotid artery intima plaque,and male patients,old age,patients whose blood pressure was in poor control were the high-risk groups.