太湖金墅湾水源地浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系

Community structure of phytoplankton and its relationships with environmental factors in drinking water source of Jinshu Bay,Taihu Lake

利用典范相关分析方法(CCA),对太湖金墅湾水源地水体浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子之间的关系进行了研究.共鉴定浮游植物7门58属,群落组成以蓝藻、硅藻和绿藻为主;夏季浮游植物的种类和数量均较多,平均密度为250×104ind.L-1,略高于春季(238×104ind.L-1).春、夏2季浮游植物群落结构差异较大,春季以蓝藻为最优势门类、鱼腥藻为最优势类群;夏季以绿藻为最优势门类,无最优势类群,但平裂面藻和栅藻在数量上较占优势.除受季节温度影响外,春季影响浮游植物分布的主要环境因子依次为铵态氮、总磷、总氮和磷酸盐,而总氮、铵态氮、磷酸盐、悬浮物、高等水生植物、总磷和透明度对夏季浮游植物分布的影响较大.

By using canonical correspondence analysis （CCA）,this paper studied the community structure of phytoplankton and its relationships with environmental factors in the drinking water source of Jinshu Bay,Taihu Lake.A total of 7 phylum and 58 genera were identified,and the phytoplankton community was dominated by Cyanophyta,Bacillariophyta,and Chlorophyta.The quantity of phytoplankton was slightly higher in summer （250×104 ind·L-1） than in spring （238×104 ind·L-1）,but the community structure differed obviously between the two seasons.In spring,Cyanophyta was the dominant phylum,and Anabaena was the dominant genus;in summer,Chlorophyta was the dominant phylum,with no dominant genus but abundant quantity of Merismopedia and Scenedesmus.Besides temperature,the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of phytoplankton in spring were ammonium-nitrogen,total phosphorus,total nitrogen,and phosphate,while those in summer were total nitrogen,ammonium-nitrogen,phosphate,suspended solids,macrophytes,total phosphorus,and transparency.