3种沉水植物水培液中抑藻活性物质的分析

Analysis on Antialgal Allelochemicals in Culture Solutions of Three Submerged Macrophytes

以华南地区常见的对蓝绿藻具有显著抑制作用的马来眼子菜Potamogeton malaianus、黑藻Hydrilla verticillata和苦草Vallasneria asiatica水培液为研究材料,利用乙酸乙酯提取浓缩后,使用气质联用色谱(GC-MS)技术对其中的化学物质进行了检测,并分析了其中具有抑藻活性的成分.结果表明,3种植物的水培液中可检出的化合物有40多种,主要为多元醇、脂肪酸、酚酸和羟基酸等成分,含量最多的是脂肪酸类,其次是羟基酸类;马来眼子菜水培液的亚麻酸、对羟基苯甲酸、对羟基苯丙烯酸、反式阿魏酸和半日花烷型二萜化合物,黑藻水培液的顺乌头酸和顺阿魏酸,苦草水培液中的2-甲基乙酰乙酸乙脂可能具有抑藻活性.

The allelochemicals were investigated in the culture solutions of Potamogeton malaianus, Hydrilla verticillata and Vallasneria asiatica which showed great inhibitory effects on blue green algae. The ethyl acetate extracts of the three culture solutions were analyzed by using GC-MS. More than forty components were found in the solutions. The major components were alcohol, fatty acid, phenolic compounds and hydroxy carboxylic acid, respectively. The results suggested that octadecatrienoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, trans-ferulic acid, and 13-ent-labdadien-16,15-olide in the P. malaianus culture solution;cis-aconitic acid and cis-ferulic acid in the H. verticillata culture solution; and 2-methylacetoacerate in the V. asiatica culture solution might be responsive for antialgal effects.