中国沙皮犬mtDNA D-loop第一高变区多态性分析

Analysis on mtDNA D-loop HVR-Ⅰ Polymorphism of the Chinese Sharpei

对中国沙皮犬广东原产地种质群mtDNA的D-loop第一高变区扩增片段569bp进行了遗传多样性和分子进化分析.单倍型、NJ树和ML树等分析结果表明,85个中国沙皮犬个体享有21种单倍型,单倍型的多样度为0.936,发现中国的家犬品种(即中国沙皮犬)拥有E枝系中的单倍型,揭示了沙皮犬母系遗传背景的多态性和复杂性,从分子水平上证明了中国沙皮犬是一个古老的犬种.

The study analysed the genetic background of Chinese Sharpei at the molecular level by using the mtDNA D-loop molecular marker. The results of haplotypes showed that the 85 Chinese Sharpei shared 21 haplotypes,with the haplotype diversity of 0. 936, which meant that the mtDNA of Chinese Sharpei population was highly polymorphic, demonstrating this endangered breed＇ s rich genetic diversity. The resuits from NJ and ML methods showed that many of the haplotypes of Chinese Sharpei belonged to A branch, and there were also Chinese Sharpei who had the haplotypes of B, C and E, respectively, and it is the first time that haplotype in branch E was reported in China. Considering Chinese Sharpei in Guangdong, China,with so rich diversity in mtDNA haplotypes, it is inferred that the genetic background is complicated, which could be an evidence to support that East Asia was the origin of domestic dogs. It further suggested that Guangdong, China might be a possible origin place of domestic dogs in the world, thus might palyed an important role in the domestication of dogs. Chinese Sharpei as an ancient dog breed which originated from Guangdong, might be one of the ancestors of modem domestic dogs, and could be a good dog breed candidate for further study of the origination of the world domestic dogs.