我国区域竞技体育发展的“马太效应”之研究——江苏省区域竞技体育马太效应发展特征及可持续策略研究

The Research about"The Matthew Effect"in Regional Sports of Our Country——The Characters of the Matthew Effect and the Sustainable Tactics about Rational Sports in Jiang Su

运用文献法、数理统计等方法研究江苏省区域竞技体育发展过程中存在的马太效应。马太效应在江苏省区域竞技体育发展过程中发挥着"双刃剑"的作用。对于竞技体育强势区域发挥积极的促进作用,主要体现在:1)发挥区域竞技体育的优势;2)加速体育人才流动;3)提高体育资源分配及利用效率;4)"荣誉追加"和"荣誉终身"的激励与刺激效应。同时它也具备一些消极影响,主要包括:1)导致区域间竞技体育发展失衡;2)马太效应易于压制"后起之秀";3)破坏竞技体育的公平竞争机制。要发挥马太效应的正面影响,降低马太效应的负面效应,实现江苏省区域竞技体育的可持续性发展可以从以下三个方面着手:1)整合区域优势体育资源,协同发展区域竞技体育;2)加强区域竞技体育交流,提高竞技体育训练质量;3)加强政府宏观调控,促进区域竞技体育和谐发展。

Using literature, statistical figures to study the Matthew effect about the rational sports of Jiang Su, the Matthew effect plays a part of double - edged sword. It has active function for strong rational of sports, including four aspects ： 1 ） to unleash dominants of rational sports; 2） to accelerate physical culture and sports personnel flowing; 3 ） to raise efficiency of sport resource＇ allocation and utilization; 4） the stimulant effect and the provocative effect of ＂the retrospective renown＂ and ＂ lifelong glory＂. The negative＇ functions including： 1 ） leading to unbalance for the rational sports ; 2 ） it is liable to suppress a promising rational ; 3 ） to destroy the fair competition mechanisms. We could take measures from three ways： 1 ） to conform preponderant resource, cooperative development for rational sports; 2） to strengthen rational communication and reinforce efficiency of training; 3 ） strengthen the government＇s macroeconomic regulation and control to ensure rational sports developing with balance.