微骨折技术保护实验大鼠骨关节炎关节软骨的组织学研究

Histological study of protective effect of microfracture on articular cartilage in rat experimental osteoarthritis

目的探讨微骨折技术对实验大鼠骨关节炎关节软骨的影响。方法以清洁级健康雌性SD大鼠为动物模型,分为Sham组、模型组和微骨折组。通过切除双侧卵巢并切断右侧膝交叉韧带建立大鼠骨关节炎模型,术后第4周开始用微骨折针刺软骨下骨区造成微骨折,模型组、Sham组以微骨折针刺入关节腔,分别于术后8和12周取材作光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜观察,采用OARSI法评价关节软骨病理改变。结果术后8和12周,模型组较Sham组OARSI评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),微骨折组较模型组OARSI评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论软骨下骨微骨折技术能延缓实验大鼠骨关节炎关节软骨退变,对关节软骨具有一定保护作用。

Objective To explore the effect of microfracture on articular cartilage of osteoarthritis rats. Methods Healthy female SD rats of clean grade were divided into sham, model and microfracture group. The rat osteoarthritis model was established by bilateral ovarectomy and cutting off of cruciate ligaments of the right knee. The microfracture model was obtained by acupuncturing the subchondral bone area with a microfracture needle at the forth week after the first operation. Model and sham group were treated by acupuncturing the articular cavity with the needle at the same time point. Samples of all the groups were collected at the 8 and 12 weeks after the operation and observed using light microscope and electromicroscope. OARSI score was used to evaluate the pathological changes in articular cartilages. Results OARSI scores were statistically different between model and sham group at 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. OARSI scores were statistically different between microfracture and model group （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions The microfracture technique in subehondral bone can delay the cartilage degradation in rat experimental osteoarthritis, and protect articular cartilage.