湖北咸丰烟区不同海拔生态因素和烟叶化学成分的综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation on Ecological Factors and Flue Cured Chemical Composition of Tobacco-growing Areas at Different Altitudes in Xianfeng of Hubei

[目的]对湖北咸丰烟区不同海拔的生态因素和烟叶化学成分进行综合评价。[方法]运用模糊数学隶属函数模型对咸丰烟区不同海拔气候适生性、土壤肥力和烟叶化学成分优质性进行综合评价。[结果]湖北咸丰烟区不同海拔大田期气温适宜,≥10℃活动积温较高,昼夜温差较小,降雨充沛,相对湿度较高,日照较少;气候适生性指数(CFI)依次为中海拔>低海拔>高海拔。该区土壤中性偏酸,肥力较高,氮和钾含量丰富,速效磷含量偏高,铁、锰、锌和硒含量丰富,铜、硼和钼普遍缺乏,水溶性氯含量适宜;土壤肥力指数(SFI)依次为高海拔>中海拔>低海拔。各海拔X2F烟碱含量均偏低;不同海拔不同等级的还原糖和石油醚提取物含量丰富,氯普遍缺乏,糖碱比和钾氯比适宜;烟叶化学成分指数(CCI)在不同烟叶等级间均表现为低海拔>中海拔>高海拔。[结论]该研究为湖北咸丰烟区不同生态区域烤烟的优质高产提供了理论依据。

[Objective] The research aimed to comprehensively evaluate ecological factors and flue cured chemical composition of tobacco-growing areas at different altitudes in Xianfeng of Hubei.[Method] The fuzzy mathematics model of membership functions was used to carry out a comprehensive evaluation towards climate feasibility index（CFI）,soil fertility index（SFI） and chemical composition index（CCI） of different altitudes in Xianfeng tobacco-growing areas.[Result] The results indicated that each altitudes had suitable temperature,high accumulated temperature of ≥10 ℃,small temperature difference between day and night,abundant precipitation,high humidity,and low sunlight percentage during field periods.The CFI of different altitudes was in order： middle altitudes〉Lower altitudes〉higher altitudes.The soil was neutral to slightly acid,it had high nutrient storage capability and was rich in contents of available nitrogen,available potassium,effective iron,effective manganese,effective zinc and effective selenium,but the contents of available phosphorus was high,and copper,molybdenum and boron were obviously deficient,the content of water soluble chlorine was suitable.The SFI of different altitudes was in order： Higher altitudes〉middle altitudes〉 lower altitudes.The contents of nicotine were low of X2F in each altitudes,the contents of reducing sugar and extractive were high,but lack chlorine,ratio of reducing sugar to nicotine and ratio of potassium to chlorine were suitable in different grade of different altitudes.The CCI of different altitudes was in order： Lower altitudes〉middle altitudes〉higher altitudes.[Conclusion] The study can provide theoretical basis for tobacco production of high yield and good quality in tobacco-growing areas at different altitudes in Xianfeng of Hubei.