水培小白菜育苗基质的筛选研究

Study on the Seedling Substrates for the Hydroponic Pakchoi Cabbage

对水培小白菜的5种育苗基质,即岩棉、花泥、蛭石、珍珠岩、复合基质(蛭石∶珍珠岩=2∶1)的育苗效果进行了研究。结果表明:5个处理的出苗率都较高,但是花泥和岩棉出苗速度较慢;从小白菜苗期不同阶段的形态指标和壮苗指数来看,选用蛭石进行育苗效果最佳,复合基质(蛭石∶珍珠岩=2∶1)次之,花泥的育苗效果与珍珠岩接近,岩棉的育苗效果最差;从小白菜苗期不同阶段的生理指标来看,在子叶展平14 d时,花泥基质苗的叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和可溶性糖含量最高,子叶展平后28 d时,蛭石基质苗的生理指标最高,与复合基质和花泥基质差异不显著,岩棉基质苗的各项生理指标均最低。综合来看,在该试验中,花泥为水培小白菜的最适育苗基质。

In order to study the appropriate seedlings substrates for the hydroponics pakchoi cabbage,the effects of five substrates（rockwool,flower foam,vermiculite,perlite,mixed medium（vermiculite∶perlite=2∶1）on the seedling development of the pakchoi cabbage were studied.The results showed that the emerged rate of the seeds in five treatments were all high,the seeds in flower foam and rockwool were relatively slow.From the morphologic indexes and seedling indexes of the pakchoi cabbage in different seedling stage,we can conclude that effect of cultivating seedling for the pakchoi cabbage in vermiculite was the best,which in mixed substrate was the second place,that in flower foam and perlite were similar,that in rockwool was the lowest.From the physiological indexes of the pakchoi cabbage in different seedling stage,we knew that the chlorophyll content,carotenoid content and soluble sugar of the seedling in flower foam were the highest 14 days after the cotyledon flatting.The physiological indexes of the pakchoi cabbage in vermiculite were the highest 28 days after the cotyledon flatting,and the differences in the treatments of vermiculite,mixed medium and flower foam were not significant,the physiological indexes of the pakchoi cabbage in rockwool were the lowest.Synthesizes various aspects the factor,the flower foam was the suitable substrate in this experiment.