沥青烟作业工人认知功能的观察

Observation on neurobehavioral functions of workers exposed to the asphalt fume

目的观察沥青烟作业工人认知功能的改变。方法选择某炭素厂生阳极车间接触沥青烟作业工人53名作为观察组,以该厂非沥青烟作业职工50名为对照,采用神经行为核心测试组合(neurobehavioral coretest battery,NCTB)中情感状态、数字跨度、数字译码测验、Benton视觉保留测验、目标追踪测验Ⅱ五项测试检测两组认知功能情况。结果 (1)观察组情感状态测试总分为(269.48±53.15)分,明显高于对照组[(217.54±41.41)分](P<0.01)。观察组数字跨度总得分、视觉保留总得分、目标追踪测试总得分分别为(48.14±9.94)、(47.94±9.64)、(47.87±8.05)分,均低于对照组[分别为(52.82±9.57)、(53.45±9.74)、(53.19±11.80)分](P<0.05)。(2)相关分析结果表明,数字译码测试总得分、数字跨度测试总得分及目标追踪测试总得分均与年龄呈负相关(分别r=-0.498,P<0.01;r=-0.281,P<0.05;r=-0.282,P<0.05);数字译码测试总得分及目标追踪测试总得分均与接触工龄呈负相关(分别r=-0.476,P<0.01;r=-0.269,P<0.05)。结论沥青烟对作业工人认知功能可能产生潜在的损害。

Objective Explore the change of neurobehavioral functions of workers exposed to the asphalt fume. Methods Fifty-three workers in a melting asphalt workshop were selected as the contact group, and 50 workers in non-operating asphalt fume departments as the control group. Their neurobehavioral functions were examinated according to the Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery （NCTB）. Results （1） There were significant differences about profiles of mood state （POMS） between the two groups, the score of contact group was 269.48±53.15, and that of control group was 217.54±41.41 （P〈0.01）. The scores of Digit Span, Benton Visual Retention Test and Pursuit Aiming Test Ⅱ in the contact group were significant lower than that in the con trol group （P〈0.05） . （2） Further analysis revealed that there was a negative correlation between scores of Digit Symbol Test and the age of workers （r=-0. 498, P〈0.01）. The score of Digit Span and Pursuit Aiming Test Ⅱ were also negatively correlated to the age （r= -0. 281, P〈0.05; r=-0. 282, P〈0.05 respectively）. There was a negative correlation between score of Digit Symbol Test and the duration exposure to asphalt fume （r=-0. 476, P〈0.01）. Score of Digit Span, Score of Pursuit Aiming Test U were both negatively correlated to the duration of exposure to asphalt fume （r=-0. 210, P〈0. 05; r=-0. 269, P〈0. 05 respectively）. Conclusions There may be some impairments on neurobehavioral functions of workers exposed to the asphalt fume.