1Agarwal A,Pandey R,Dhlraaj S,et al.The effect of epidural bupivacaine on induction and maintenance doses of propofol (evaluated by bispectral index) and maintenance doses of fentanyl and vecuronium.Anesth Analg,2004,99:1684-1688.
2Tanaka K,Harada T,Dan K.Low-dose thoracic epidural anesthesia induces discrete thoracic anesthesia without reduction in cardiac output.Reg Anesth,1991,16:318-321.
3Spies C,Zaune U,Pauli G,et al.Comparison of enflurane and propofol during thoracic surgery.Anaesthesist,1991,40:14-18.
4Larsen R,Rathgeber J,Bagdahn A,et al.Effects of propofol on cardiovascular dynamics and coronary blood flow in geriatric patients.A comparison with otomidate.Anesthesia,1988,43:25-31.
5Kaseba T,Kondou O,Yoshimura Y,et al.Hemedynamic effects of induction of general anesthesia with propefol during epidural anesthesia.Can J Anaesth,1998,45:1061-1065.
6Kabon B,Fleischmann E,Trescbun T,et al.Thoracic epidural anesthesia increases tissue oxygenation during major abdominal surgery.Anesth Analg,2003,97:1812-1817.
7Blomberg S,Emanuelsson H,Ricksten S.Thoracic epidural anesthesia and centnd hemodynamics in patients with unstable angina pectofis.Anesth Analg,1989,69:558-562.
8Kessler P,Aybek T,Neidhart G,et al.Comparison of three anesthetic techniques for off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting:general anesthesia,combined general and high thoracic epidural anesthesia,or high thoracic epidural anesthesia alone.J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth,2005,19:32-39.
9Priestley MC,Cope L,Halliwell R,et al.Thoracic epidural anesthesia for cardiac surgery:The effects on tracheal intubation time and length of hospital stay.Anesth Analg,2002,94:275-282.
10Barrington MJ,Kluger R,Watson R,et al.Epidural anesthesia for coronary artery bypass surgery compared with general anesthesia alone does not reduce biochemical markets of myocardial damage.Anesth Analg,2005,100:921-928.
8Finney SJ, Zekveld C, Elia A, et al. Glucose control and mortal- ity in critically ill patients [J]. J AMA, 2003,290 ( 15 ) : 2041.
9McCowen KC, Malhotra A, Bistrian BR. Stress-induced hy- pergly Cemia [J]. Crit Care Clin, 2001,17(1):107-124.
10SchumamA, TierneyM. Standardization of intravenous insu- lin therapy improves the efficiency and safety of blood glucose control in critically ill adults [J]. Intensive Care Med, 2004, 30:804-810.