粪便无害化处理用于蔬菜施肥的卫生评估

The Sanitary Evaluation on the Fertilization With Non hazadously Treated Excreta for Vegetables

为探讨粪便无害化处理对蔬菜施肥的卫生防病效果，对使用处理后的粪便用于蔬菜施肥的菜田和使用未处理粪便施肥菜田进行采样，结果表明处理区菜田土壤粪大肠菌污染可减低５１．９％；蛔虫卵、钩蚴污染可分别下降２６．７％、３１．６％；蔬菜受粪大肠菌群污染程度明显低于对照区，受沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、蠕虫卵污染处理区比对照区可分别降低３３．３％、８２．１％、３３．１％。处理区肠道传染病发病率比对照区两年分别下降４０．７％、６０．２％；小学生蠕虫卵感染率比对照区两年分别下降２９．３％、４７．６％。结果表明，处理后的粪便作为菜田肥料，其技术措施是可行的，并且具有明显的卫生防病效果。

To study the effects of non hazadous treatment of excreta on vegetables,the sampling was carried out in the vegetable fields fertilized with the non hazardous treated and fresh excreta namely treated area excreta honhazar dously treated wea and antrol area respectively.The results showed that:the pollution of fecal cdiform beacteria ,ascarid ova and hookworm larva reduced 51.9%,26.7% and 31.6% respectively in the soil of the treated areas.The pollution of fecal cdiform beacteria was slighter in the vegetables of the treated area than that in the control areas.The pollution of salmonellae,shiga and helminth owa reduced 33.3%,82.1% and 33.1% in the vegetable of the treated areas. The pollution of Salmonella,shigella and helminth ova reduced 33.3%,82.1% and 33.1% in the regetables of treated area.Ln the treated avea,the incidence rate of intestinal infectious deseases among residents reduced 40.7% and 60.2% per year and the infection rate of helminth among pupils reduced 40.7%,60.2%,29.3% and 47.6% pev year comparrd with these of the control areas during 1994￣1995.It indicated that :as a fertilyzer for the vegetable field,the non hazadously treated excreta presented obvious