释“洞庭”及其相关问题

On the Meaning of "Dongting" and Its Related Issues

唐宋以来,"洞庭"一词的含义一直被解释为"洞府之庭"。这种认识是错误的。洞庭一名的语源很可能来自古百越民族语言,为红色平地之意;《尚书.禹贡》导江章中的"东陵"一名,很可能同样源于古越语,为"洞庭"的汉字异记。秦洞庭郡的治所应该在索县,也就是后来西汉武陵郡的治所,当今湖南省常德市东北韩公渡镇城址村。刘宋以来,有学者指太湖为洞庭湖别名,当是在道教思想的影响下附会出来的说法。本文为正确认识上古时代湖南洞庭地区的自然地理面貌提供了新的思考角度。

Since the Tang and Song, the meaning of the term ＂Dongting＂ had been mterpreted as ＂Dongfu zhi Ting＂（洞府之庭,A hall of cave house ）. Such understanding is wrong. This term would been likely derived from the ancient national language of Baiyue, an oldest ethnic groups of southern China, and means a red plain. The term ＂Dongling＂, a place name of the Yugong Shangshu （M尚书·禹贡》）, would also be derived from the ancient Yue （越）language, belong to a different translation of ＂Dongting ＂ in ancient Chinese Characters. The seat of Dongting Jun of the Qin should be in Suo （索） County ,and which was a seat of Wuling Jun in the Western Han Dynasty, located at the northeast of Changde City, Hunan Province. Since the Liu Song, some scholars pointed out that Taihu are the alias of Dongting Lake, such view should grow out of provides a new perspective of thinking for properly Dongting Lake region. the influence of Taoism thinking. This paper understanding ancient physical geography of Dongting Lake region.