天津市某工业区大气污染对儿童健康影响的研究

The Study on the Effects of Air Pollution on the Children's Health in A Industrial Area in Tianjin

为探讨天津市工业区大气污染对儿童健康的影响，于１９９５年１０～１１月对天津市某工业区（污染区）与对照区进行了环境流行病学调查。调查对象为７～１２岁儿童（污染区９０２人，对照区９１８人）。结果表明污染区大气ＳＯ２、ＮＯｘ、ＴＳＰ、ＣＯ浓度均显著高于对照区（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）；污染区儿童呼吸系统疾病、过敏性疾病患病率均显著高于对照区（Ｐ＜０．００５）；大气污染使儿童肺活量明显降低，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）；污染区儿童免疫指标如（唾液溶菌酶活性、ＳＩｇＡ含量）、鼻粘膜细菌总数及溶血性链球菌数目与对照区比差异均有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。

To study the effects of air pollution on the children's health,an enviromental epidemiological survey on it was carried out among children aged 7￣12 years old,in a industrial polluted(902 children) air and a control area (918 children) during Oct.￣Nov in 1995 in Tianjin.The results showed that the concentrations of SO 2,NO x ,TSP and CO in polluted area were higher than those in control area respectirely( P<0 05 or P< 0 01).The prevalence rates of respiratory diseases and allergic diseases for children in a polluted area were significantly higher than those in control area respectively( P< 0.05).The vital capacities for children in a polluted area were significantly lower than those in control area( P <0.05).Significant differences of indicators for immune (lysozyme activity and SIgA in saliva),total bacterial count and the number of hemolytic streptococcus in nasal mucosa were found among the children in polluted area and control area( P< 0.05).It indicated that children's health had been affected by air pollution in industrial polluted area.