不同阶段控制灌溉对甘蔗生长影响的试验研究

Experimental Study on Effects of Controlled Irrigation at Different Growth Stages on Growth Status of Sugar Cane

以新台糖16号甘蔗为试材,分别在甘蔗的萌芽期、苗期、分蘖期、伸长期进行了单生育阶段和连续2个生育阶段的共21种控制灌溉处理试验,研究控制灌溉对甘蔗出苗率、分蘖率和生长状况的影响。结果表明,在萌芽期不同程度的控制灌溉影响了甘蔗的出苗率,萌芽期的土壤水分控制在田间持水量50%-60%的出苗率最高,出苗率达83.3%,土壤水分控制在田间持水量60%-70%的处理的出苗率次之,土壤水分控制在田间持水量40%-50%的处理的出苗率最低。苗期的土壤水分控制在田间持水量50%-60%、并在分蘖期土壤水分控制在田间持水量60%-70%的处理最有利于甘蔗的分蘖,比苗期和分蘖期正常灌溉的分蘖率高50.0%。伸长期的控制灌溉对甘蔗的株高影响最大,随着土壤含水量的减少明显抑制了株高的增长,正常灌溉的甘蔗生长最好。

The effects of controlled irrigation at different growth stages on germination rate,tillering rate and growth status of the New Tai-Sugar No.16 sugar cane are studied through 21 kinds of controlled irrigation experiments during germination,seedling,tillering and speedy growth period,single and double growth stages.The results show that different controlled irrigation at germination stage affects the sugarcane germination rate differently.The treatment with soil moisture controlled at 50% to 60% field capacity during germination period has the highest germination percentage of 83.3%,which is followed by the treatment with soil moisture controlled at 60% to 70% field capacity,and the treatment with soil moisture controlled at 40% to 50% field capacity respectively,with the latter being the lowest.The treatment with soil moisture controlled at 50% to 60% field capacity during seedling period and 60% to 70% field capacity during tillering period is the best for tillering.Its tillering rate is higher than the treatment of normal irrigation at 50.0%.Water deficits at speedy growth stage affects sugarcane height most,which significantly inhibits the growth of plant height with the reduction of soil moisture.The sugar cane＇s height is the highest under normal irrigation.