基于ELES模型的城乡居民国内旅游消费结构实证分析

An Empirical Analysis on Consumption Structure of Urban and Rural Residents’ Domestic Tours:Based on ELES Theory

本文依据ELES理论,利用2002-2008年的数据,从边际消费倾向、消费投向、收入弹性及价格弹性四个方面对我国城乡居民国内旅游消费中的食、住、行、游、购、娱等9类消费的结构进行了实证分析,主要结论如下。(1)城镇居民的国内旅游边际消费倾向为0.0636,农村居民为0.1174;在9类单项旅游消费中,购物和其它服务的边际消费倾向最高,消费投向主要为购物、其它服务和长途交通。(2)农村居民各单项旅游消费需求的收入弹性均大于1,城镇居民基本旅游消费需求的收入弹性小于1,非基本旅游消费需求和餐饮消费需求的收入弹性大于1。(3)城乡居民各项旅游消费需求的自价格弹性较大,互价格弹性较小;城镇居民非基本旅游消费需求和餐饮消费需求的自价格弹性大于1,农村居民各项旅游消费需求的自价格弹性均大于1。

Based on ELES theory, this paper analyses the consumption structure of 9 class tourism products including transportation, accommodation, food, sightseeing, shopping and entertainment, etc. In terms of urban and rural residents＇ domestic tours, from the MPC, consumption orientation, income elasticity and price elasticity aspects by using the data collected during 2002 - 2008. The conclusions are ： （ 1 ） the domestic tourism MPC of urban residents is 0.0636, and the rural is 0.1174. In 9 categories of individual tourist products, the MPC of shopping and other services are highest, residents＇ domestic tourism consumption is oriented at shopping, other services and long-distance transportation. （2） for rural residents, the income elasticity of each individual tourism product is greater than 1 while for urban, the income elasticity of essential tourism products demand is less than 1 with the non-essential products greater than 1. （3） for urban and rural residents, the self price elasticity of each individual tourism product demand is greater than the cross-price elasticity. The self price elasticity of urban residents＇ demand of non basic tourism consumption and F＆B is greater than 1; the self-price elasticity of each individual tourism product demand is greater than 1 for rural residents.