毛细支气管炎患儿临床严重程度与哮喘发生的相关因素分析

Analysis on severity of bronchiolitis in children and related factors of asthma

目的:观察毛细支气管炎严重程度与发生哮喘的发生率及相关因素。方法:采用回顾性分析和临床随访方法,选择2005年1月～2007年12月确诊为毛细支气管炎住院治疗患儿162例为研究对象。其中轻型毛细支气管炎患儿118例,重型毛细支气管炎患儿44例,统计哮喘发生率,观察其严重程度与哮喘发生的相关因素(患病情况、父母吸烟情况、家族病史、生活环境等),采用Logistic统计学方法对各可能因素与哮喘发生之间的关系及相关程度进行回归分析。结果:毛细支气管炎患儿162例转为哮喘47例(29.01%),重型毛细支气管炎患儿44例转为哮喘18例(40.91%),轻型毛细支气管炎患儿118例转为哮喘29例(24.58%),两者对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),重型毛细支气管哮喘、被动吸烟、过敏性体质患儿、家族病史等与继发哮喘显著相关(Pa<0.01)。结论:重型毛细支气管炎患儿易发展为哮喘,被动吸烟、过敏性体质和哮喘家族史是哮喘发生、发展高危因素。

Objective： To observe the severity of bronchiolitis,incidence of asthma and related factors.Methods： 162 children diagnosed as bronchiolitis from January 2005 to December 2007 were selected by retrospective analysis and clinical follow up method,including 118 children with mild bronchiolitis,44 children with severe bronchiolitis; the incidence of asthma was calculated,the severity of bronchiolitis and related factors of asthma （ prevalence,parental smoking status,family history,living environment） were observed; the relationship between related factors and asthma and degree of correlation were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results： 47 children （ 29. 01%） with bronchiolitis converted to asthma among 162 children,18 children （ 40. 91%） with severe bronchiolitis converted to asthma among 44 children,29 children （ 24. 58% ） with mild bronchiolitis converted to asthma among 118 children,there was significant difference （ P 0. 05） ; there was correlation between severe bronchial asthma and passive smoking,children with allergic constitution and family history of asthma （ Pa 0. 01） . Conclusion： The children with severe bronchiolitis are prone to asthma,passive smoking,children with allergic constitution and family history of asthma are high risk factors of occurrence and development of asthma.