乌鲁木齐市学龄前集体儿童健康状况调查

Survey on health status of preschool children in Urumqi

目的:通过对乌鲁木齐市学龄前集体儿童健康状况调查,了解和评定乌鲁木齐市学龄前集体儿童生长发育状况,探讨存在的问题并提出干预措施,以提高儿童健康水平。方法:采用分层整群抽样方法从乌鲁木齐市所属9个区中随机抽取3个区的9所幼儿园中1483名3～6岁儿童,测量体重和身高,检测龋齿患病情况及血红蛋白含量,并采用统计学方法分析乌鲁木齐市学龄前儿童体重、身高的均值与2005年我国9城市比较。结果:乌鲁木齐市学龄前儿童中所有年龄组男、女童体重、身高测定值均为男童大于女童,且均高于2005年9城市标准。营养不良、贫血、肥胖及龋齿的患病率分别为0.9%、6.1%、9.6%及40.6%,不同年龄龋齿患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:乌鲁木齐市学龄前集体儿童体格发育良好,肥胖患病率高于其他城市,应加强健康教育,严格按照疾病的防治常规制订防范措施,做到早期预防和早期发现,综合防范,群防群治,减少疾病的患病率,提高儿童健康水平。

Objective： To understand and evaluate the growth and development status of preschool children in Urumqi by investigating health status of preschool children,explore the existing problems and put forward intervention measures in order to improve health level of children. Methods： 1 483 children aged 3 ～ 6 years old from 9 kindergartens in 3 districts were selected from 9 districts of Urumqi by stratified cluster sampling,body weight and height were measured; the prevalence of caries and hemoglobin content were detected; the average values of body weight and height of preschool children in Urumqi were compared to those in 9 cities in 2005. Results： The average values of body weight and height in boys were significantly higher than those in girls and in 9 cities in 2005; the incidences of malnutrition,anemia, obesity and caries were 0. 9% ,6. 1% ,9. 6% and 40. 6% ,respectively,there was significant difference in incidence of caries among different age groups （ P 0. 05） . Conclusion： Growth and development of preschool children in Urumqi is good,the incidence of obesity is significantly higher than those in the other cities,health education should be enhanced,preventive measures should be made strictly according to disease prevention and treatment rule; early prevention and early detection,comprehensive prevention,mass prevention may reduce the incidence of disease and improve health level of preschool children.