儿童纤维素性支气管炎的影像诊断

Radiological Features of Fibrinous Bronchitis in Children

目的探讨纤维素性支气管炎的临床影像特点,以提高对该病的认识。资料与方法回顾性分析2001年至2008年临床收治确诊的16例纤维素性支气管炎患儿的影像资料。全部病例均行X线检查,6例行胸部CT扫描。结果 16例患儿支气管镜检取出或吸痰吸出灰色胶冻样支气管树样物,胸部影像表现为肺纹理增强16例,肺实变8例,肺不张10例,肺透亮度增高8例,纵隔积气及皮下积气3例,气胸1例,胸腔积液1例。结论儿童纤维素性支气管炎影像表现与支气管异物表现类似,可分为肺炎型、肺不张型及混合型三型,正确诊断需密切结合临床和病理检查。

Objective To study the imaging features of fibrinous bronchitis in children and to improve the diagnodsis of this disease.Materials and Methods Clinical data and radiographic findings in 16 cases with clinically confirmed fibrinous bronchitis in the period of January,2001 to December,2008 were retrospectively analyzed.Chest radiograph was performed in all the patients,and addition chest CT was scanned in 6 patients.Results Grey colloid-like secretion had been found in all cases by bronchoscope or expectoration.The radiological findings included as：peribronchial thickening in all cases,consolidation in 8 cases,atelectasis in 10 cases,hyperinflation in 8 cases,pneumomediasinum and subcutaneous pneumatosis in 3 cases,pneumothorax in 1 case and pleural effusion in 1 case.Conclusion The radiological features are similar to those of bronchial foreign body and could be divided into three patterns：consolidation type,atelectasis type and mixed type.Accurate diagnosis of fibrinous bronchitis should base on clinical manifestation,bronchoscope and pathological examination.