美国大学学院制的组织特征及其启示

The Organizational Features of American University's College System and Its Inspirations

学院制产生于欧洲中世纪大学,之后在各国得到不同程度的发展与完善,其中美国大学学院制最为完善,具有发展性、均衡性、多样性等特点。通过分析美国大学学院的组织设计原理和权力运行机制,可以为中国的学院制走实体性、特色化、优势化的发展道路,以学科大类之间更高层次为标准设置学院、以行政权力和学术权力相互配合为手段管理学院的改革提供一定的经验借鉴。

College system was born in medieval European universities and developed in various countries differently.The American University＇s college system developed comparatively perfectly with features of development,balance and diversity.The analysis of the structural design rules and the power system of the colleges in American Universities can provide some experience for Chinese universities in the light of the pathways of college system,the satandard of establishing colleges by the major disciplinaries,and the coordination of administrative and academic power in college operation.