杉木第二代种子园子代遗传变异及优良家系选择研究

Study on Genetic Variations of Progenies from the Second-generation Seed Orchard and Selection of Superior Families of Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.

来自广东省龙山林场杉木第二代种子园的39个自由授粉家系参加了1998年多点子代测定和2001年单点子代测定试验,结果表明:11年生子代测定林的树高、胸径、单株材积在家系和地点间差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01),8年生子代测定林生长性状的差异较小;家系平均树高、胸径、材积遗传力分别为0.24、0.26、0.30,主要生长性状受中等偏下的遗传力控制;第二代种子园材积遗传增益在1.88%～5.85%,其遗传增益和现实增产效果高于1.5代种子园,也高于初级种子园。对11年生多点子代测定林家系进行了丰产稳定性分析,选择出广谱丰产稳定家系5、8、17、19、23、26、28号,平均单株材积比群体均值提高3.39%;丰产家系3、7、15、21号和家系20、22、25号,分别适合龙山林场和曲江林场及相似立地条件地区限制性推广利用,平均单株材积比群体均值分别提高9.91%和4.89%;8年生单点子代测定林,以单株材积高于群体均值作为入选标准,有1、2、4、6、7、8、10、11、12、14、15、19等12个家系入选,平均单株材积比群体均值提高6.76%。

39 open-pollinated progenies of Cunninghamia lanceolata from the second-generation seed orchard of Guangdong Longshan Forest Farm were used for progeny test in 1998 and 2001. The main results were summarized as follows ： There were very significant differences （ P 〈 0.01 ） among families and sites in height, DBH and single stem volume in eleven-year progeny test plantations, there were little differences of growth traits in eight-year progeny test plantation. The family heritabilities of height, DBH and single stem volume were 0.24,0.26 and 0.30 respectively, which were considered as on comparatively low level. The stem volume genetic gain of second-generation seed orchard was 1.88% - 5.85% , the genetic and actual gain was better than primary seed orchard. High-yield and stability analysis was carried out among eleven-year progeny test plantations in all sites, the families 5,8,17,19,23,26,28 were selected as steady and high-yield families whose average single stem volume was 3.39% more than the population＇s. The families 3,7,15,21 and 20,22,25 were high-yield families which can be developed in the areas with ecotype like Longshan Forest Farm of Qujiang Forest Farm respectively, the average single stem volume was 9.91% and 4.89% more than the population＇s. In eleven-year progeny test plantation, the average single of the families 1,2,4,6,7,8,10,11,12,14,15,19 was 6.76% more than the population＇s.