森林土壤有机碳分组及其测定方法

Forest Soil Organic Carbon Fraction and Its Measure Methods

陆地生态系统碳循环在全球碳平衡中占重要地位。土壤是陆地生态系统的核心,森林土壤有机碳是陆地碳库的重要组成部分,其量随土地利用变化、森林经营管理、自然与人为干扰等影响而呈现较强动态变化。导致这一现象的原因之一,是由于构成土壤有机碳的不同组分在不同环境条件下有不同的分解响应。目前,森林土壤有机碳常用的分组研究方法是:化学分组(传统的腐殖质分组研究)、物理分组(对有机碳的密度分组或颗粒分组)和稳定性分组(即有机碳的活性分组)。研究目的不同,对各组分的概念认识、成分划定不同,导致所采用的分组测定方法,以及研究结果所反映的问题等也不同,使研究内容或测定结果缺乏可比性。森林土壤有机碳分组方法标准化与各组分的概念统一化;土壤有机碳各组分的组成成分划定;测定各组分的方法标准化与统一化等内容,可能成为土壤有机碳分组研究的工作重点。

Carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystem plays a main role in global carbon balance. Soil is one core of terrestrial ecosystems. Forest soil organic carbon is an important part in terrestrial carbon pools. Following the change of land use, forest management, natural and human disturbance etc, its quantity and quality all present stronger dynamics. One of the reasons for this situation is because the components of soil organic carbon have different decomposition response under different environmental conditions. In recently, the research of general method for forest soil organic carbon fractions are the chemical （traditional humus fractions）, the physical （density or particle fractions）, and the stable （activity fractions）. If the research＇s aim, each fractional concept, the component division, the fraction＇s measure method, and the result explanation are different by researchers holding, the comparability between studies or methods is lack. So, fractionation of forest soil organic carbon harmonization and conception of various sub-components standardization, division each sub-component of soil organic carbon composition, standardization and unification of determination method of each sub-component, all these contents on soil organic carbon research could be focused in the future.