2008年厦门市中小学生恒牙龋病抽样调查分析

Analysis of the sampling survey of permanent dental caries of primary and secondary school students in Xiamen in 2008

目的调查厦门城乡中小学生口腔健康状况,为全国学生体质健康监测网络监测工作的需要以及厦门地区中、小学生恒牙龋病流行趋势及现状提供可靠的数据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,按照《2008年全国学生体质健康监测网络实施方案》中口腔检查的标准,对厦门城乡中、小学生12、14、17年龄组进行口腔健康调查,共1404名学生,其中男性686名,女性718名。采用SPASS 12.0数据软件统计和分析。结果厦门地区中、小学生12、14、17年龄组恒牙总患龋率为48.08%,其中恒牙深龋与浅、中龋构成比率分别为16.53%、83.47%,而充填率仅为15.84%;DMFT总均数为1.38,其中DMFT均数≥1的人数占75.94%,DMFT均数≤3的人数占24.06%。12岁年龄组患龋率为40.16%。结论厦门地区中、小学生恒牙龋病流行趋势较全国其它城市广,其流行程度则较轻。浅、中龋与深龋构成比,浅、中龋是深龋的5倍,DMFT均数≥1是DMFT均数≤3的3倍。第二恒磨牙龋与第一恒磨牙龋构成比随年龄增长而上升。因此,实现龋病预防三早,重视第二恒磨牙开展窝沟封闭具有实际意义。

Objective To investigate the oral health status of urban and rural students of primary and secondary school in Xiamen and to provide reliable data for the national monitoring of students＇ physical health and the status and trends of students with permanent dental caries of primary and secondary school in Xiamen.Methods The method of stratified cluster random sampling was applied according to the oral inspection standards stated in the ＂2008 National Students Physical Health Monitoring Network Implementation Plan＂,1404 urban and rural students of primary and secondary school in Xiamen with age group of 12,14,and 17 years old were surveyed,which included 686 males and 718 females.The result was analyzed by SPASS12.0.Results In Xiamen,the total rate of students with permanent dental caries of primary and secondary school with age group of 12,14,and 17 years old was 49.05%,of which 16.53% were deep caries and 83.47% were shallow,medium dental caries with a filling rate was 15.84%.The total mean of DMFT was 1.38,75.94% of the total sampling population had a DMFT mean ≥1 and 24.06% had a DMFT mean ≤3.Age group of 12 had a caries rate of 40.16%.Conclusion In Xiamen,the rate of students with permanent dental caries is higher than that in other cities in the country.The composition ratio of first and second permanent molars caries increased with the age increasing.Therefore pit and fissure sealing on second molar can be used on the prevention of permanent dental caries.