高尔基的文学良知——从《母亲》到《不合时宜的思想》

Golgi's Literature Consciousness——From Mother to Malapropos Thoughts

长期以来,人们一直将高尔基的《母亲》和《不合时宜的思想》作为体现作家政治思想进步和落后的两极之作。但重读《母亲》,我们会发现,作家在其中表达的是提升人的品德、改造俄罗斯文化、建立人与人之间和谐尊重的理想社会的思想,即人道主义思想,而非对无产阶级与专制统治者进行暴力斗争的再现。而十月革命前后创作的政论《不合时宜的思想》,则是《母亲》基本思想的延伸。两部作品有着内在的紧密联系,它们共同体现了高尔基一以贯之的人道主义思想,表现出作家对艺术良知的坚守。

Mother and Malapropos Thoughts have been considered for long time as the author＇s progressive and backward political view. After rereading Mother,what the author conveys is to promote human＇s moral character,reform Russian culture,establish humanism,it is the idea that human can live harmoniously and repect mutually in ideal society,rather than representation of force struggle between the proletariat and the autocracy. Written around October Revolution,Malapropos Thoughts is closely relative to Mother in respect of both embodying Golgi＇s consistent humanism and representing his persistence in art consciousness,the former is further extension of the latter.