马克思拜物教批判理论的辩证特性及其当代启示

The Dialectical Characteristics and Their Modern Significances of Karl Marx’s Critique of Fetishism

严格地说，马克思是在《资本论》第一卷中完成其拜物教批判理论的，因为对他来说，真正的拜物教批判理论绝不仅仅在于从客观性的维度揭示物与物之交换关系背后的人与人之间的社会关系，而且还要从主体意识的角度阐明物化的观念是如何被接受的。另外，马克思还要厘清资产阶级政治经济学作为一种意识形态或拜物教的观念形式，是如何既作为客观表象的反映、

Karl Marx’s critique of fetishism focuses on the dialectic relation of two dimensions: the materialization of capitalist commodity relations in the objective dimension,and common people’s mental admission of this ma-terialistic reality in the subjective dimension. Based on these ideas,Marx figured out the deconstructive route of this kind of capitalist fetishism. He said that the domination of capital is very tricky,because the value which can divulges the secret of capitalist relations of production is expressed actually by exchange value, which will surely conceal this essence. Of course,the development of capitalist commodity relations itself will provide the objective conditions to overthrow capital’s domination. Reading deeply Marx’s above theory will enable us both paying attention to the characteristics of modern China’s social practices,and sticking to the scientific methodology of Historical Materialism when we are thinking about the combination of Marxist philoso-phy and China’s concrete practical context.