南海海域浮游植物分布特征及研究进展

RECENT ADVANCES ON CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PHYTOPLANKTONIC DISTRIBUTION IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA

海洋浮游植物在海洋生态、环境和全球气候变化中担当着非常重要的角色,对大气CO2浓度有重要的调节作用。从早期的测氧法、放射碳法,到对生物总量研究的流式细胞测量技术和遥感观测,以及对群落结构研究的分子生物技术、色素和脂类化合物等化学方法,都极大地促进了海洋浮游植物的研究。南海地理位置独特,是西太平洋上最大的边缘海之一,同时受亚洲季风的强烈影响。在对浮游植物主要研究方法介绍的基础上,总结了南海现代海洋浮游植物的群落分布和时空变化特征,归纳了气候、环境等各种因素对浮游植物生态的影响,同时探讨了南海古生产力的演变特征和影响因素。

Phytoplanktons play important roles in the oceanic ecology,global climate change,and adjustment of pCO2.Early studies of phytoplanktons included oxygen consumption methods and radioactive 14C method.Recently,flow cytometry and remote-sensing technology are increasingly used for determining the total amounts of phytoplanktons,and molecular biotechnology.Pigments and lipids methods are also used for studying the community structure of phytoplanktons.The South China Sea is the largest marginal sea in the western Pacific and is affected deeply by the Asian monsoon.This review summarizes research on phytoplankton community distribution and their temporal and spatial variations in the South China Sea.The impact of the climatic and environmental factors on the modern phytoplanktonic ecology is also discussed.Finally,paleoproductivity changes and the influencing factors in the South China Sea are discussed.